The range function

The range() function is used to generate a sequence of numbers. It is often used in loops to iterate over a specific range of values. Let's see an example:

for num in range(5):
    print(num)

In this example, we use the range() function to generate a sequence of numbers from 0 to 4. The range(5) generates numbers starting from 0 up to, but not including, 5. The for loop then iterates over each number in the sequence and prints it.

The output of this code will be:

0
1
2
3
4

You can also specify a starting value and an ending value for the range. For example:

for num in range(2, 8):
    print(num)

In this code, we use range(2, 8) to generate numbers starting from 2 up to, but not including, 8. The output of this code will be:

2
3
4
5
6
7

You can also specify a step value to skip numbers in the sequence. For example:

for num in range(1, 10, 2):
    print(num)

In this code, we use range(1, 10, 2) to generate numbers starting from 1 up to, but not including, 10, with a step of 2. The output of this code will be:

1
3
5
7
9

The range() function is very useful when you want to repeat a certain action a specific number of times or iterate over a range of values in a loop.

In addition to using the built-in functions like range, we can also import modules from the Python standard library to add more functionality to our programs.